DOC-04-07 管理Web弹出式窗口
本章介绍如何使用WebView组件创建的浏览器中的弹出式窗口，并在WebViewSample程序中展示如何实现这一功能。
当你需要在你的程序中打开一个新的浏览器窗口，PoupFeatures类的实例会被传递到使用setCreatePopupHandler方法注册到WebEngine对象上的弹出窗口处理器中。
7.1 使用弹出式窗口设置
在WebViewSample程序中，你可以为文档设置一个可选的WebView对象，该对象将会在一个单独的窗口中打开。图7-1展示了一个用户可通过右击任何链接来打开的上下文菜单。
图7-1 弹出式窗口
要想为目标文档指定一个新的浏览器窗口，请参考例7-1中修改过的代码来使用PopupFeatures实例类实现。
例7-1 处理弹出式窗口的指令
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import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.application.Platform; import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue; import javafx.concurrent.Worker.State; import javafx.event.ActionEvent; import javafx.geometry.HPos; import javafx.geometry.Pos; import javafx.geometry.VPos; import javafx.scene.Node; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.control.Button; import javafx.scene.control.Hyperlink; import javafx.scene.image.Image; import javafx.scene.image.ImageView; import javafx.scene.layout.HBox; import javafx.scene.layout.Priority; import javafx.scene.layout.Region; import javafx.scene.paint.Color; import javafx.scene.web.PopupFeatures; import javafx.scene.web.WebEngine; import javafx.scene.web.WebView; import javafx.stage.Stage; import netscape.javascript.JSObject; public class WebViewSample extends Application { private Scene scene; @Override public void start(Stage stage) { // create scene stage.setTitle("Web View Sample"); scene = new Scene(new Browser(stage), 900, 600, Color.web("#666970")); stage.setScene(scene); // apply CSS style scene.getStylesheets().add("webviewsample/BrowserToolbar.css"); // show stage stage.show(); } public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } } class Browser extends Region { private final HBox toolBar; final private static String[] imageFiles = new String[]{ "product.png", "blog.png", "documentation.png", "partners.png", "help.png" }; final private static String[] captions = new String[]{ "Products", "Blogs", "Documentation", "Partners", "Help" }; final private static String[] urls = new String[]{ "http://www.oracle.com/products/index.html", "http://blogs.oracle.com/", "http://docs.oracle.com/javase/index.html", "http://www.oracle.com/partners/index.html", WebViewSample.class.getResource("help.html").toExternalForm() }; final ImageView selectedImage = new ImageView(); final Hyperlink[] hpls = new Hyperlink[captions.length]; final Image[] images = new Image[imageFiles.length]; final WebView browser = new WebView(); final WebEngine webEngine = browser.getEngine(); final Button toggleHelpTopics = new Button("Toggle Help Topics"); private boolean needDocumentationButton = false; final WebView smallView = new WebView(); public Browser(final Stage stage) { //apply the styles getStyleClass().add("browser"); for (int i = 0; i < captions.length; i++) { // create hyperlinks Hyperlink hpl = hpls[i] = new Hyperlink(captions[i]); Image image = images[i] = new Image(getClass().getResourceAsStream(imageFiles[i])); hpl.setGraphic(new ImageView(image)); final String url = urls[i]; final boolean addButton = (hpl.getText().equals("Help")); // process event hpl.setOnAction((ActionEvent e) -> { needDocumentationButton = addButton; webEngine.load(url); }); } // create the toolbar toolBar = new HBox(); toolBar.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER); toolBar.getStyleClass().add("browser-toolbar"); toolBar.getChildren().addAll(hpls); toolBar.getChildren().add(createSpacer()); //set action for the button toggleHelpTopics.setOnAction((ActionEvent t) -> { webEngine.executeScript("toggle_visibility('help_topics')"); }); smallView.setPrefSize(120, 80); //handle popup windows webEngine.setCreatePopupHandler( (PopupFeatures config) -> { smallView.setFontScale(0.8); if (!toolBar.getChildren().contains(smallView)) { toolBar.getChildren().add(smallView); } return smallView.getEngine(); }); // process page loading webEngine.getLoadWorker().stateProperty().addListener( (ObservableValue<? extends State> ov, State oldState, State newState) -> { toolBar.getChildren().remove(toggleHelpTopics); if (newState == State.SUCCEEDED) { JSObject win = (JSObject) webEngine.executeScript("window"); win.setMember("app", new JavaApp()); if (needDocumentationButton) { toolBar.getChildren().add(toggleHelpTopics); } } }); // load the home page webEngine.load("http://www.oracle.com/products/index.html"); //add components getChildren().add(toolBar); getChildren().add(browser); } // JavaScript interface object public class JavaApp { public void exit() { Platform.exit(); } } private Node createSpacer() { Region spacer = new Region(); HBox.setHgrow(spacer, Priority.ALWAYS); return spacer; } @Override protected void layoutChildren() { double w = getWidth(); double h = getHeight(); double tbHeight = toolBar.prefHeight(w); layoutInArea(browser,0,0,w,h-tbHeight,0,HPos.CENTER,VPos.CENTER); layoutInArea(toolBar,0,h-tbHeight,w,tbHeight,0,HPos.CENTER,VPos.CENTER); } @Override protected double computePrefWidth(double height) { return 900; } @Override protected double computePrefHeight(double width) { return 600; } } |
当用户选择了弹出菜单中的“Open Link in New Window”选项时，smallView浏览器会被添加到程序的工具栏。这个行为是通过setCreatePopupHandler方法来定义的，返回一个可选浏览器来通知应用程序在哪里绘制目标页面。程序编译后的运行结果如图7-2所示。
图7-2 小的预览浏览器
需注意：上下文菜单默认对所有的WebView对象都是可用的。如果要为某个特定的WebView实例禁用上下文菜单，可调用setContextMenuEnabled方法，并传入false值：browser.setContextMenuEnabled(false);
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